あげる / くれる / もらう

import { getGrammarById } from 'kotowa';
getGrammarById('ageru-kureru-morau');

{
  "id": "ageru-kureru-morau",
  "pattern": "あげる / くれる / もらう",
  "romaji": "ageru / kureru / morau",
  "level": "N4",
  "meaning": "give (to someone else); give (to me or my group); receive",
  "formation": "Noun (receiver) + に + Noun + を + あげる / Noun (giver) + が + Noun + を + くれる / Noun (giver) + に + Noun + を + もらう",
  "examples": [
    {
      "ja": "私は弟に古いゲームをあげた。",
      "furigana": "{私|わたし}は{弟|おとうと}に{古|ふる}いゲームをあげた。",
      "en": "I gave my old game to my little brother."
    },
    {
      "ja": "姉が誕生日にかわいいかばんをくれました。",
      "furigana": "{姉|あね}が{誕生|たんじょう}{日|び}にかわいいかばんをくれました。",
      "en": "My older sister gave me a cute bag for my birthday."
    },
    {
      "ja": "友達から旅行のおみやげをもらった。",
      "furigana": "{友達|ともだち}から{旅行|りょこう}のおみやげをもらった。",
      "en": "I got a souvenir from my friend's trip."
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "giving-receiving"
  ],
  "notes": "くれる is used only when the receiver is the speaker or someone in the speaker's group. With もらう the giver can be marked with に or から.",
  "zh": {
    "status": "reviewed",
    "source_hash": "37fc6ae3038a18c36d93616dc845e9bbba1a141063af4a7debab57ee04e3b22a",
    "meanings": [
      "给别人",
      "给我方",
      "从别人处得到"
    ],
    "formation": "给予者＋は／が＋接受者＋に＋物品＋を＋あげる／くれる；接受者＋は／が＋给予者＋に／から＋物品＋を＋もらう",
    "explanation": "あげる从给予者角度表示给别人；くれる表示别人给说话人或说话人一方；もらう从接受者角度表示得到。",
    "notes": "先确定给予者、接受者和说话人的立场。くれる常表示给我方，也可用于说话人将受益者视为自己一方的语境。",
    "examples": [
      {
        "ja": "私は弟に古いゲームをあげた。",
        "zh": "我把旧游戏给了弟弟。"
      },
      {
        "ja": "姉が誕生日にかわいいかばんをくれました。",
        "zh": "姐姐在我生日时送了我一个可爱的包。"
      },
      {
        "ja": "友達から旅行のおみやげをもらった。",
        "zh": "我收到了朋友旅行带回的礼物。"
      }
    ],
    "references": [
      "sources/grammar/n4.json#ageru-kureru-morau",
      "Original Chinese authored and reviewed by Codex; no independent human review",
      "https://www.jpf.go.jp/j/project/japanese/teach/tsushin/grammar/201409.html",
      "https://www.jpf.go.jp/j/project/japanese/teach/tsushin/grammar/201412.html"
    ],
    "reviewer": "Codex",
    "review_method": "ai",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-10-28",
    "review_hash": "0fcf41043a6d61c1116a39ec70bac2e1306765af6e903551c177fd3467aa4f4f"
  }
}