〜が（subject）

ga (subject)

marks the subject; points out new or focused information

Formation

Noun + が

Chinese meanings

提示主语；突出新信息

Chinese formation

名词＋が

Chinese usage

用于说明谁或什么做某事，或介绍新出现的人、事物。回答“谁去”时，用私が行きます突出“我”。

Chinese notes

疑问词作主语时通常用が；与は的区别需要结合上下文判断。

Examples

Furigana

雨あめが降ふっています。
It is raining.
正在下雨。
だれが窓まどを開あけましたか。
Who opened the window?
谁把窗户打开了？
私わたしが行いきます。
I'll be the one to go.
我去。

Notes

Question words such as だれ and 何 take が, never は, when they are the subject. が is also used with 好き, ほしい, 上手 and わかる for the thing liked, wanted or understood.

#particle

Related N5 grammar

〜は〜を〜に（time）〜に（destination）〜に（place of existence）〜に（indirect object）〜に（frequency）〜へ

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Use this entry in code

import { getGrammarById } from 'kotowa';
getGrammarById('ga-subject');

{
  "id": "ga-subject",
  "pattern": "〜が（subject）",
  "romaji": "ga (subject)",
  "level": "N5",
  "meaning": "marks the subject; points out new or focused information",
  "formation": "Noun + が",
  "examples": [
    {
      "ja": "雨が降っています。",
      "furigana": "{雨|あめ}が{降|ふ}っています。",
      "en": "It is raining."
    },
    {
      "ja": "だれが窓を開けましたか。",
      "furigana": "だれが{窓|まど}を{開|あ}けましたか。",
      "en": "Who opened the window?"
    },
    {
      "ja": "私が行きます。",
      "furigana": "{私|わたし}が{行|い}きます。",
      "en": "I'll be the one to go."
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "particle"
  ],
  "notes": "Question words such as だれ and 何 take が, never は, when they are the subject. が is also used with 好き, ほしい, 上手 and わかる for the thing liked, wanted or understood.",
  "zh": {
    "status": "reviewed",
    "source_hash": "6fd39578a6caa28da48534dec9128ebf021b902198d26f46d18fcf4d14c5cf1b",
    "meanings": [
      "提示主语",
      "突出新信息"
    ],
    "formation": "名词＋が",
    "explanation": "用于说明谁或什么做某事，或介绍新出现的人、事物。回答“谁去”时，用私が行きます突出“我”。",
    "notes": "疑问词作主语时通常用が；与は的区别需要结合上下文判断。",
    "examples": [
      {
        "ja": "雨が降っています。",
        "zh": "正在下雨。"
      },
      {
        "ja": "だれが窓を開けましたか。",
        "zh": "谁把窗户打开了？"
      },
      {
        "ja": "私が行きます。",
        "zh": "我去。"
      }
    ],
    "references": [
      "sources/grammar/n5.json#ga-subject",
      "Original Chinese authored and reviewed by Codex; no independent human review"
    ],
    "reviewer": "Codex",
    "review_method": "ai",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-10-28",
    "review_hash": "189fdb9f704573c6514c8475f8a281cdcaa61dd1c48c7dfa9d6c7cc72fbbbdad"
  }
}