〜こと（instruction）

import { getGrammarById } from 'kotowa';
getGrammarById('koto-instruction');

{
  "id": "koto-instruction",
  "pattern": "〜こと（instruction）",
  "romaji": "koto (instruction)",
  "level": "N3",
  "meaning": "must; do (written rule or instruction)",
  "formation": "Verb-dict / Verb-nai + こと",
  "examples": [
    {
      "ja": "レポートは、来週の金曜日までに提出すること。",
      "furigana": "レポートは、{来週|らいしゅう}の{金曜日|きんようび}までに{提出|ていしゅつ}すること。",
      "en": "Reports must be submitted by next Friday."
    },
    {
      "ja": "図書館の本に、線を引かないこと。",
      "furigana": "{図書館|としょかん}の{本|ほん}に、{線|せん}を{引|ひ}かないこと。",
      "en": "Do not draw lines in library books."
    },
    {
      "ja": "試験中は、スマホの電源を切っておくこと。",
      "furigana": "{試験|しけん}{中|ちゅう}は、スマホの{電源|でんげん}を{切|き}っておくこと。",
      "en": "Keep your phone switched off during the exam."
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "command",
    "written",
    "obligation"
  ],
  "notes": "Ends a sentence with こと to state a rule. Found in notices, regulations and teacher-to-student instructions. Impersonal; not used toward superiors.",
  "zh": {
    "status": "reviewed",
    "source_hash": "281c84f182f337e8fbf57d6ffff8424fee2f9f7e78468d1345d2bb212e8e6f5a",
    "meanings": [
      "必须",
      "不得（书面规定）"
    ],
    "formation": "动词辞书形／ない形＋こと",
    "explanation": "句末用こと表示规则或指示。",
    "notes": "常见于通知、规章或教师给学生的指示，不用于命令上级。",
    "examples": [
      {
        "ja": "レポートは、来週の金曜日までに提出すること。",
        "zh": "报告必须在下周五之前提交。"
      },
      {
        "ja": "図書館の本に、線を引かないこと。",
        "zh": "不得在图书馆的书上画线。"
      },
      {
        "ja": "試験中は、スマホの電源を切っておくこと。",
        "zh": "考试期间必须关闭手机电源。"
      }
    ],
    "references": [
      "sources/grammar/n3.json#koto-instruction",
      "Original Chinese authored and reviewed by Codex; no independent human review"
    ],
    "reviewer": "Codex",
    "review_method": "ai",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-10-28",
    "review_hash": "d74d516e37e5b06386451681e81b7e27bb96f87edf66e742b45444f3b86e64b3"
  }
}