〜まで(even)
N3made (even)
even (an extreme case)
Formation
Noun + まで / Noun + にまで
Chinese meanings
甚至连……
Chinese formation
名词+まで/名词+にまで
Chinese usage
增加一个出乎意料或程度极端的例子。
Chinese notes
常带惊讶或失望的语气。
Examples
- 最近は、小学生までスマホを持っている。These days even elementary school kids have smartphones.如今连小学生都有智能手机。
- 親友にまでうそをつかれて、とてもショックだった。I was really shocked that even my best friend lied to me.连最好的朋友都骗我,我很震惊。
- 雨だけでなく、風まで強くなってきた。It's not just the rain; now even the wind is getting stronger.不仅雨大了起来,连风也变强了。
Notes
Adds an extreme item on top of others, often with surprise or dismay. Compare 〜さえ, which picks out one extreme example on its own.
#emphasis#addition
Related N3 grammar
Use this entry in code
import { getGrammarById } from 'kotowa';
getGrammarById('made-even');
{
"id": "made-even",
"pattern": "〜まで(even)",
"romaji": "made (even)",
"level": "N3",
"meaning": "even (an extreme case)",
"formation": "Noun + まで / Noun + にまで",
"examples": [
{
"ja": "最近は、小学生までスマホを持っている。",
"furigana": "{最近|さいきん}は、{小学生|しょうがくせい}までスマホを{持|も}っている。",
"en": "These days even elementary school kids have smartphones."
},
{
"ja": "親友にまでうそをつかれて、とてもショックだった。",
"furigana": "{親友|しんゆう}にまでうそをつかれて、とてもショックだった。",
"en": "I was really shocked that even my best friend lied to me."
},
{
"ja": "雨だけでなく、風まで強くなってきた。",
"furigana": "{雨|あめ}だけでなく、{風|かぜ}まで{強|つよ}くなってきた。",
"en": "It's not just the rain; now even the wind is getting stronger."
}
],
"tags": [
"emphasis",
"addition"
],
"notes": "Adds an extreme item on top of others, often with surprise or dismay. Compare 〜さえ, which picks out one extreme example on its own.",
"zh": {
"status": "reviewed",
"source_hash": "cff2f5c825d94fcf0f20a3f43823df1248b038bf1cf6bf3950b68d5d2e720cad",
"meanings": [
"甚至连……"
],
"formation": "名词+まで/名词+にまで",
"explanation": "增加一个出乎意料或程度极端的例子。",
"notes": "常带惊讶或失望的语气。",
"examples": [
{
"ja": "最近は、小学生までスマホを持っている。",
"zh": "如今连小学生都有智能手机。"
},
{
"ja": "親友にまでうそをつかれて、とてもショックだった。",
"zh": "连最好的朋友都骗我,我很震惊。"
},
{
"ja": "雨だけでなく、風まで強くなってきた。",
"zh": "不仅雨大了起来,连风也变强了。"
}
],
"references": [
"sources/grammar/n3.json#made-even",
"Original Chinese authored and reviewed by Codex; no independent human review"
],
"reviewer": "Codex",
"review_method": "ai",
"reviewed_at": "2026-10-28",
"review_hash": "43d886e91e7c356cbaf0f73d3b4a694369a60c9aa4ab47f9110c2350103eed15"
}
}