〜てくる

import { getGrammarById } from 'kotowa';
getGrammarById('te-kuru');

{
  "id": "te-kuru",
  "pattern": "〜てくる",
  "romaji": "te kuru",
  "level": "N4",
  "meaning": "do something and come back; come doing; (change) up to now; start to",
  "formation": "Verb-te + くる",
  "examples": [
    {
      "ja": "ちょっとコンビニに行ってきます。",
      "furigana": "ちょっとコンビニに{行|い}ってきます。",
      "en": "I'm just popping out to the convenience store."
    },
    {
      "ja": "日本語が少しずつ分かってきた。",
      "furigana": "{日本語|にほんご}が{少|すこ}しずつ{分|わ}かってきた。",
      "en": "I've gradually started to understand Japanese."
    },
    {
      "ja": "おなかがすいてきた。",
      "en": "I'm starting to get hungry."
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "change",
    "sequence"
  ],
  "notes": "Movement or change toward the speaker, or from the past up to now. 行ってきます literally means 'I'll go and come back.'",
  "zh": {
    "status": "reviewed",
    "source_hash": "5d74555bfcf1f44d5ffe474ae9282266e467084290c7e979fe82b93d81048611",
    "meanings": [
      "做了再回来",
      "逐渐……起来",
      "一直……到现在"
    ],
    "formation": "动词て形＋くる",
    "explanation": "既可表示向说话人方向移动，也可表示变化逐渐出现或从过去延续到现在。",
    "notes": "行ってくる常用于表示出去后还会回来；与ていく的时间和方向视角不同。",
    "examples": [
      {
        "ja": "ちょっとコンビニに行ってきます。",
        "zh": "我去一下便利店就回来。"
      },
      {
        "ja": "日本語が少しずつ分かってきた。",
        "zh": "我渐渐开始理解日语了。"
      },
      {
        "ja": "おなかがすいてきた。",
        "zh": "我开始饿了。"
      }
    ],
    "references": [
      "sources/grammar/n4.json#te-kuru",
      "Original Chinese authored and reviewed by Codex; no independent human review"
    ],
    "reviewer": "Codex",
    "review_method": "ai",
    "reviewed_at": "2026-10-28",
    "review_hash": "7f3aceff00c2ca920167d9787a9029bd151c5fe0a39b52dda925c06f69df5ede"
  }
}